Thailand said on Friday it would join a UN arbitration process chosen by Cambodia to resolve a decades-long maritime boundary dispute, but it has put on hold for now other two-way efforts to settle their contested borders.
This week Cambodia launched a compulsory conciliation process under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (Unclos), after Bangkok decided last month to unilaterally end a 2001 framework pact for talks on a disputed maritime belt.
For more than 25 years, both have claimed about 26,000 square kilometres of sea in the Gulf of Thailand, estimated to hold nearly 12 trillion cubic feet of natural gas and large volumes of oil, for a total value of $300 billion.
Thailand will send two international law experts to the UN-backed negotiations, Foreign Minister Sihasak Phuangketkeow said on Friday, but expressed dismay at Cambodia’s move to also use the talks to tackle questions of resource sharing.
“I told my Cambodian colleagues, ‘Why don’t we give talks a chance? Six months or something,’” he told Reuters in an interview.
“’If we cannot make progress, then we can agree on the next step, which of course includes compulsory conciliation, but it also includes voluntary conciliation.’”
Thailand ‘not coerced’
Speaking after a briefing with 67 diplomats and representatives of international organisations, Mr Sihasak on Thursday insisted that Thailand entered the process on its own terms.
He said Cambodia made public its decision to use the compulsory conciliation process on Tuesday, before officially notifying Thailand.
“And since June 2, we’ve not had any discussion informally, formally with the Cambodian side.”
He said reports suggesting Thailand was forced into the Unclos mechanism were inaccurate, noting that Thailand terminated the 2001 memorandum of understanding to enable discussions under a new framework.
“We are not being dragged into the process. We entered it knowing exactly what decision we were making. When Cambodia chose this path, we participated with confidence in our own position and not under Cambodia’s conditions,” he said.
In response to Reuters queries, Cambodian Foreign Minister Prak Sokhonn said two-way efforts to resolve the dispute had been exhausted, prompting Cambodia’s choice.
“Cambodia hopes that the Thai government will engage with this process in good faith,” he said.
No other two-way talks
Despite joining the mediation, Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul said Bangkok would not hold any other two-way talks, including those to manage and resolve land border issues.
“We will use UNCLOS, which means from now on there will be no more talks … or other forms of cooperation,” he added. “We will not discuss the restoration of relations yet.”
All border gates between Thailand and Cambodia would stay closed, he said.
Ties have been on edge after two rounds of intense border clashes last year killed nearly 150 people and displaced at least 300,000 on both sides, but a December ceasefire still holds.
Cambodia’s choice of compulsory conciliation, in which a five-member panel makes non-binding recommendations, will not improve overall ties between the two countries, said Mr Sihasak, who is also a deputy prime minister.
“We simply don’t agree with how they approached this,” he said.
So far, only East Timor, also known as Timor Leste, has used the UN-backed process to successfully resolve a decades-long maritime dispute with Australia, taking just under two years.
“If we do this through bilateral talk in a friendly way, it may take a shorter time to reach an amicable solution,” Mr Sihasak said. “Now, we don’t know how long this will take.”
